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Geography of Croatia

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Republic of Croatia
Republika Hrvatska
 

Geography

Map of Croatia

Croatia is located in Southeastern Europe (aka the western Balkans) between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia. It borders the Adriatic Sea along its 5,835 km coastline. Its size is comparable to that of West Virginia or Nova Scotia. Its shape resembles that of a crescent or a horseshoe, which flanks its neighbours Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro. Its mainland territory is split in two non-contiguous parts by the short coastline of Bosnia and Herzegovina around Neum. To the north lie Slovenia and Hungary; Italy lies across the Adriatic Sea. Croatia has a 932 km border with Bosnia and Herzegovina, a 670 km border with Slovenia, a 329 km border with Hungary, a 241 km border with Serbia (its Autonomous Province of Vojvodina entirely) and a 25 km border with Montenegro.

Islands and coastal areas in Croatia have a Mediterranean climate while most inland areas experience short, cool summers and long, severe winters characteristic of continental climate. Le cascate del fiume Cherca

The local terrain is quite diverse given the size of the country. There are flat plains along the Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near the Adriatic coastline and islands.

Croatia's strategic location gives it control over most land routes from Western Europe to the Aegean Sea and the Turkish Straits.

The country's natural resources include Petroleum, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt and hydropower. Its terrain is diverse, including:

  • plains, lakes and rolling hills in the continental north and northeast (Central Croatia and Slavonia, part of the Pannonian Basin);
  • densely wooded mountains in Lika and Gorski Kotar, part of the Dinaric Alps;
  • rocky coastlines on the Adriatic Sea (Istria, Northern Seacoast and Dalmatia).
The Country is famous for its many national parks. Croatia has a mixture of climates. In the north and east it is continental, Mediterranean along the coast and a semi-highland and highland climate in the south-central region.

Offshore Croatia consists of over one thousand islands varying in size. The largest islands in Croatia are Cres and Krk which are located in the Adriatic Sea.

The Danube, the second longest river in Europe, runs through the city of Vukovar.

Dinara, the eponym of the Dinaric Alps, is the highest peak of Croatia at 1831 metres above sea level.

UNESCO World Heritage Sites

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has included the following Croatian sites on its World Heritage List:

  • Historical Complex of Split with the Palace of Diocletian
  • Old City of Dubrovnik
  • Plitvice Lakes National Park
  • Episcopal Complex of the Euphrasian Basilica in the Historic Centre of Poreč
  • Historic City of Trogir
  • The Cathedral of Saint Jacob in Šibenik
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